Annie oakley of harlem. The performance is part of Turner's 58-show. Annie oakley of harlem

 
 The performance is part of Turner's 58-showAnnie oakley of harlem  America 2Night Collection

c1889. Annie Oakley Facts 1. 13, 1860, the sixth of eight children. → Subscribe for new videos at least twice a week!Oakley: With Gail Davis, Brad Johnson, Jimmy Hawkins, Bob Woodward. ” In September 1906, Oakley’s case against Daniel Toomey, owner of the Dunkirk Herald, was heard at the Chautauqua County Courthouse in Mayville. Laurie Roth — the "Annie Oakley" of the airwaves — is a nationally-syndicated radio talk-show host. Jakob Moses Died (Winter 1866) In the winter of 1866, Jakob Moses was caught in a blizzard. Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Ann Moses on August 13, 1860 in Darke. Oakley developed. She is also known as The Annie Oakley of Harlem. Traffic accidentAnnie Oakley America's "Little Sure Shot" was born in northeastern Darke County, Ohio, and spent her childhood days in the house on this site. Sweet Time. According to Shirl Kasper’s Annie Oakley, later in life she would write that she was born in 1866. End date: Feb 1957. Annie Oakley, born Phoebe Ann Moses, was born on August 13, 1860, in Ohio. " [2] She performed on Broadway in Anything Goes, Annie Get. This. In an age when most women stayed home, she traveled the world and forged a new image for American women. 30 Jan. Library of Congress Childhood. Format BN. Source for information on Oakley, Annie (1860–1926): Women in World History: A Biographical. Bumpy Johnson is well known as the Godfather of Harlem, and he also inspired the TV series of the same name. June 21, 2022. Her father died when she was young, and Annie was sent to the county poor farm. Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Ann Moses in 1860 in rural Darke County, Ohio. He contracted pneumonia and died soon after. October 20, 2017 mkk5462 Modern Era. Butler participated in the show and placed a $100 bet with the Cincinnati hotel owner, Jack Frost, stating he could beat any local shooter in the trick shot contest. 1. Annie Oakley S01 E10 The Cinder Trail. At age 10, she was sent to. View Gallery. The inspiration for Annie Get Your Gun, Annie Oakley was an American sharpshooter who awed audiences in the 19th century. She has hosted successful talk shows on radio stations from Boston to L. TIL Annie Oakley once shot a cigarette out of Kaiser Wilhelm II's mouth, had she missed and hit him, she could have prevented WWI en. Annie Oakley: With Gail Davis, Brad Johnson, Jimmy Hawkins, Bob Woodward. Her male assistant (possibly her husband, Frank Butler) darts into the frame, and she switches guns and crouches down. The person he produced was Annie Oakley. The movie is based on the events of Annie’s life, although it takes. Another officer involved said he had seen one of the mosque's congregants, Louis 17X Dupree, standing over Cardillo with a gun pointed at his chest. The person who would become known to history as the best markswoman of the Wild West Show was born as Phoebe Ann Moses (sometimes Mosey) on August 13, 1860, in Darke County, Ohio. Smith was a darling of Buffalo Bill’s 1886-1887 Wild West Show. Adding to personal knowledge, Courtney Ryley Cooper, well-known author and friend of Buffalo Bill, has written a splendid biography. Oakley was portrayed by Jessica Ebert Young, a native of Cardington and graduate of Cardington High School. Butler thought it was a joke, but he was more. Annie Oakley made her first shot at 8 years old. Born in Ireland, eight-year-old Frank Butler was left in the care of an aunt while his parents searched for a better life. In 1885, Annie Oakley began an association with Buffalo Bill Cody's Wild West show -- despite some hesitation on Cody's part about hiring a woman. Star Gail Davis was like the real Annie Oakley in spirit and skills, but the real Miss Oakley didn't inhabit the Wild West, except perhaps in her engagements with Buffalo Bill's Wild West shows. The Wild West Comes to Palatka is about Annie Oakley's visit. It is a true American epic—the story of a pioneer, who as a little girl was forced to forage with. Annie Oakley. Annie developed skills to trap and hunt animals out of necessity. Her life spanned a time of dramatic cultural change in the United States, and some of the most important years of the women's movement. Greenville, Ohio. The family seldom had meat for dinner until 1867, when Annie taught herself to shoot the family muzzle loader. 357 magnum and shot him twice in the elbow, he was apprehended by police shortly after. Among other awesome Annie Oakley. Meet Annie Oakley! Born in 1860, she became one of the best-loved and most famous women of her generation. Browse 215 authentic annie oakley stock photos, high-res images, and pictures, or explore additional cowgirl or wild west stock images to find the right photo at the right size and resolution for your project. ' Exhibition of Rifle Shooting at Glass Balls, etc. First published January 1, 2007. 20. 11 Notable Artists from the Harlem Renaissance. Great Depression Timeline. My List. By Carol Kleiman. Annie Oakley Born. The house is on Bellevue Road in Cambridge just before it turns left and becomes Maple Avenue. At the turn of the century, young Annie Oakley leaves her backwoods home to challenge the handsome New York vaudeville sharpshooter, Toby Walker, to a shooting contest in Cincinnati. News of her remarkable expertise with firearms began to spread. The two women were experts in different weapons -- Oakley favored the shotgun, while Smith. Wilson. Her legacy still lasts to this day. Butler (1847–1926). Her male assistant (possibly her husband, Frank Butler) darts into the frame, and she switches guns and crouches down into a squat, pointing her barrel into the air. She never attended a regular school and was introduced and taught to shoot by her father in the woods around the farm where she lived. 36 pages, full color. In the 1894 Thomas Edison film short Annie Oakley, we see Annie, the famed sharpshooter, take out six targets in quick succession. ANNIE OAKLEY Born August 13, 1860 near Willowdell (formerly Woodland) Ohio Died November 3, 1926 (aged 66) Greenville, Ohio Spouse(s) Francis E. . The film is based on the life of Annie Oakley . DK's acclaimed Biography line shine the spotlight on sharpshooter Annie Oakley. Born in Darke County, Ohio on August 13, 1860, Annie Oakley’s birth name was Phoebe Ann Mosey. Rick Jones is the executive director and a founding member of the Neighborhood Defender Service. 98. 27 Annie Oakley Facts That Prove She Was The Wild West’s Biggest Badass. 18. Annie Oakley had made her name besting male sharpshooters, and Smith represented her first female rival. Annie Oakley, 1860 - 1926 Marker. Less than 1 mile from Fick Fossil & History Museum, this motel offers rooms with free Wi-Fi and a 55-inch smart TV with satellite cable. Her stage acts were filmed for one of Thomas Edison's earliest Kinetoscopes in 1894. アニー・オークレイ(Annie Oakley、出生名:フィービー・アン・モーゼズ(Phoebe Ann Moses)、1860年 8月13日 - 1926年 11月3日)は、アメリカ合衆国 オハイオ州生まれの女性の射撃名手。 バッファロー・ビルのワイルド・ウエスト・ショーに出演していた。. 2017. In this sweeping dual biography, Larry McMurtry explores the lives, the legends and above all the truth about two larger-than-life American figures. The 1946 Broadway production was a hit, and the musical had long runs in both New York (1,147 performances) and London, spawning revivals, a 1950. She continued to work as an actress and writer until she died on November 3, 1926 at the age of 66. But did she start out life as Annie Oakley? Nope! Her birth name was Phoebe Ann Moses (some sources spell her last name Mosey or Mozee). Her parents, Jacob and Susan, were. Annie Oakley. As the star attraction of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show, Annie Oakley thrilled audiences around the world with her shooting feats. Nor was she the only one. At that time the dense virgin forest surrounded her home and Annie shot and trapped wild game to help pay the debt on the property. But her life was far from simple. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1994. She toured the world with Buffalo Bill’s Wild West, gaining fame and fortune as one of the show’s most popular acts. Oakley lost both her father and a. Wild West Posters. A. ANDY PANDA COMPLETE CARTOON SERIES. Due to political. Colorized Western Series: Annie Oakley - EP27 - Alias Annie Oakley - A fictionalized account of the life of legendary Wild West sharpshooter Annie Oakley. It is a matter of record, however, that Oakley’s first performance as part of Butler’s act was on May 1, 1882, and that afterward, she adopted the stage name “Annie Oakley. 10. The community Greenville still celebrates their hero with the annual Annie Oakley Days Festival every July. (Denver Public Library) Share This Article. Mary's Road. After roping a horse and tying the rope to his saddle-horn, Pickett dismounted. S. ” Having grown up learning to shoot game to help support her family, Annie won first prize and met Frank Butler at a shooting. The Annie Oakley House is a l l/2-story, brick and frame, Colonial Revival-influenced bungalow with a raised foundation located in Cambridge, Maryland. Library of Congress Childhood. The family seldom had meat for dinner until 1867, when Annie taught herself to shoot the family muzzle loader. Annie Oakley. The 'Little Sure Shot' of the 'Wild West. S. "-Annie Oakley. She was the first dancer to perform at the White House, travel abroad as a cultural ambassador, and. During her lifetime she traveled with her husband across the country and abroad showing off her skills with. Captain Battle. LAMOTHE: Harlem comes to symbolize this modernity, this newness, this dynamism, this idea of change. A ring was set up on the drying ground of an old brickyard, and hours before the fight was scheduled to start thousands of gamblers and. At the age of 15, she won a shooting competition with sniper Frank E. Her name is Margaret Johnson. Childhood & Early Life. Her father died when she was young, and Annie was sent to the county poor farm. Celebrated Sharpshooter Had Close Pinehurst Connections. Annie suspects there's more going on with the mine when they return. 7. Become A Better Singer In Only 30 Days, With Easy Video Lessons! They say that falling in love is wonderful It's wonderful, so they say And with a moon up above, it's wonderful It's wonderful, so they tell me I can't recall who said it I know I never read it I only know they tell me that love is grand And The thing that's known as romance Is wonderful, wonderful, in. She was the sixth of nine children born to Susan and Jacob Mosey. 28, 2 p. ” Initially, Butler, Oakley, and Butler’s dog George performed on the vaudeville circuit, but in 1884 they signed on with Sells Brothers Circus and toured much of. Directions: Go 1/2 mile south of Brock, Ohio on Greenville-St. This incident gave her the nickname “The Annie Oakley of Harlem”. The Wild West Comes to Palatka is about Annie Oakley's visit. The only thing that kept me alive was the desire to purge my character. 1. It is a great addition to any collection of Teen People publications, especially for those interested in history and culture. Margaret Johnson, the granddaughter of larger. Oakley even shot a seven-foot rattlesnake on one outing, according to the Kasper biography. She was born to Susan Wise and Jacob Mosey and was the sixth born of her father but ninth of her mother. 9M Annie Oakley - Episode 39 _Hard Luck Ranch_ (Apr 3, 1955). AS EARLY FEMINIST, ANNIE OAKLEY WAS RIGHT ON TARGET. Clair, a racketeer who became Harlem's "Numbers Queen" in the 1920s. Marker is in the kiosk adjacent to the Buffalo Bill Cultural Center. ∙ 5933 Annie Oakley Rd, Hidden Hills, CA 91302 ∙ $6,995,000 ∙ MLS# 23-292199 ∙ Welcome to this exquisite French Country estate nestled in the prestigious ga. Annie Oakley’s Birthplace Marker. Annie Oakley 25 Low. In fact, years after her life, one such gun was sold for a mere five dollars by a relative in 1940. Ela também descobriu 300 estrelas variáveis , cinco novas e uma estrela binária espectroscópica. A Rare 'Oakley' 1854 Penny Coin. woman in space — also the youngest American in space — inspired generations of women who were blown away by the pleasant-seeming. She is happily married and currently lives in Washington State, where she spends her free. At the age of 15 she shot a match at Cincinnati, Ohio with Frank Butler whom she later married. Annie worked on the family farm and learned trapping. Her life story is told here-from her fatherless childhood through her marriage to Frank Butler and glory days traveling with Buffalo Bill's show to her death, 18 days before her husband's, in 1926. 2. com Availability; Paperback: $6. Francis E. A 1894 video shows Annie Oakley. L. In this sweeping dual biography, Larry McMurtry explores the lives, the legends and above all the truth about two larger-than-life American figures. series “Annie Oakley,” she was quoted as saying, “The terrible piece…nearly killed me. Inscription. Getty Images / Hulton Archive. Just like her husband, Hatcher was born in 1914, in North Carolina. Childhood. In the years after marrying marksman, Frank Butler, in 1876, she adopted her full stage name, Annie Oakley. Rwanda Genocide Timeline. Annie Oakley (born Phoebe Ann Mosey; August 13, 1860 – November 3, 1926) was an American sharpshooter who starred in Buffalo Bill's Wild West . Her father died of pneumonia in1966 plunging the. People who know of legendary female sharpshooter Annie Oakley through film and television portrayals will likely find a more nuanced and complete biography of the woman in Glenda Riley’s The Life and Legacy of Annie Oakley. One day she shot 4,472 of 5,000 glass balls tossed in midair, and she could shoot a dime out of the air at 90 feet. Oakley was then sent to the Darke County. Politics of the Roaring Twenties. Annie Oakley’s enormous popularity provides a means of understanding how the public, through the viewpoints of reporters and commentators, discussed and understood the connection between gender and celebrity at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. Daredevil (Lev Gleason) Captain Future. Annie Oakley Buffalo Billin Lännen show’n mainosjulisteessa. Menu. Annie Oakley, American markswoman who starred in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West show, where she was often called “Little Sure Shot. Annie Oakley—Phoebe Ann Moses’ stage name—was born in 1860 on her family farm in Darke County, Ohio. Butler, was a noted marksman who toured. Oakley was the stage name that she assumed when she first started to perform with Frank Butler. ” Initially, Butler, Oakley, and Butler’s dog George performed on the vaudeville circuit, but in 1884 they signed on with Sells Brothers Circus and toured much of. S. The Inspiration. Though little is known about her personal life, including her date of birth, she gained notoriety in 2006 when she defended herself against a robbery attempt using a . +. Annie Oakley is a legend: America’s greatest female sharpshooter, a woman who triumphed in the masculine world of road shows and firearms. She was able to trap small animals to help feed them—I’m thinking a little Katniss Everdeen here. Sadly, Annie's father died from pneumonia when Annie was just five years old!Do You Remember. He developed a shooting act with his performing partner John Graham, and when Graham fell ill the sharpshooter Annie Oakley stood in for him. Annie was an astonishing individual. Here's Annie Oakley, one of the roughest, toughest women of the Wild West circuit. , when Brenda Arnett, local historian and expert on Annie Oakley, presents, Annie. No, not the first time, not the second time and maybe not the third. The Remington Beals was a very rare rifle. Oakley and Butler began touring the country together, showing off her shooting, according to Ohio History Connection. In honor of her birthday, here are 11 facts about Oakley, the Little Sure Shot of the Wild West. Martha Graham (May 11, 1894 – April 1, 1991) was an American modern dancer and choreographer. Rick Jones is the executive director and a founding member of the Neighborhood Defender Service. 1. Often at her side was her friend and suitor,. Her parents were subsistence farmers and Quakers. Event. Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Moses, to a poor Quaker family and spent her early years living in a cabin in Darke County, on the western border of the state. Dalam usia 15 tahun, ia memenangkan kontes menembak melawan penembak jitu. Although Oakley grew to become a legendary figure of the American frontier, she was actually born and raised in Ohio. Annie Oakley. Her family lived in a small log cabin, and they. A larger-than-life bronze statue of the diminutive Wild West sharpshooter -- who was born in Ohio. 99. The working title of this film, in which Stanwyck made her western movie debut, was Shooting Star. The Moses family had moved to Ohio from Pennsylvania after their business—a small inn—had burned to the ground in 1855. This article. Annie Oakley, egentlig Phoebe Ann Mosey, (født 13. By 1885 Oakley was a star. Oakley and her husbandGeorge Stevens, (born December 18, 1904, Oakland, California, U. Born Phoebe Ann Moses in Darke County, Ohio, on August 13, 1860, Annie Oakley was not exactly a product of the Wild West. -Annie Oakley. The gun sold was a Remington Beals. 6. She was "adopted" by Indian chief Sitting Bull, charmed the Prince of Prussia, and entertained the likes of Oscar Wilde. 13, 1860. footloose. —died March 8, 1975, Lancaster, California), American director known for films that exhibited intelligence, great humanism, and brilliant camera techniques. Annie Oakley. Francis E. The family lived in a one-room log cabin, surviving on game they caught. She was an Ohio-born lady who could shoot like the dickens. . According to relatives, books and exhibits in the Annie Oakley wing of the Garst Museum in Greenville, Annie's shooting skill blossomed out of necessity when she was eight years old. O trabalho de Annie era conhecido por ser incrivelmente rápido e preciso. DK Biography: Annie Oakley: A Photographic Story of a Life (07/30/2007) by Chuck Wills. Annie Oakley, the "Little Sure Shot" of the "Wild West," in an exhibition of rifle shooting. Her father. [2] [3] [4] In addition to many exploits she was known for being an acquaintance of Wild Bill Hickok. Industrial Revolution Timeline. Oakley's amazing talent and timely rise to fame led to a starring role in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show, which propelled her to. Bill Pickett passed away due to a head injury from a horse accident on April 2, 1932, at the 101 Ranch. Archie Bunkers Place Complete TV Series. Besides Buffalo Bill himself, the Wild West show starred sharpshooter Annie Oakley and, for one run, Chief Sitting Bull. Jack Frost, who later set up the shooting match between Frank and Annie, said: “The last opponent Butler expected was a five-foot-tall, 15-year-old girl named Annie. An estimated 15,000 people daily saw an exhibition of bronco busting, trick riding and shooting. 1. org. Notable namesakes include sharpshooter Annie Oakley, giving this title outlaw flair. Episode 34: Josephine Baker,Part One. Enlarge image. Annie Oakley Motel Oakley is a popular choice amongst travelers in Oakley (KS) whether exploring or just passing through. Oakley, Our prayers go out to you in your time of sorrow. Check out Squarespace: for 10% off on your first purchase. Annie was the fifth of seven surviving children, and her beleaguered mother—unable to keep and feed everyone—ultimately placed her. She wrote over 400 songs for Broadway musicals and films. They had picked on the wrong person though, as she promptly pulled out her . She became a star in a male-dominated sport, and legendary throughout the world. Her portrayal concentrated on Oakley’s early years and. The magazine provides a unique perspective on these topics and is sure to be a valuable resource for anyone. Annie Oakley. World famous sharpshooter Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Ann Moses August 13, 1860 in a log cabin 1028 feet due east of here on land that had been in the Swallow family line for 127 years at the time this memorial was dedicated in June 1981 by the Annie Oakley. She is said to. That is evident in her shooting contest against Butler. , 1946-, photographer Created / Published 2014-11-09. She became a star in a male-dominated sport, and legendary throughout the world. January 30, 1847 – November 21, 1926) was an Irish American marksman who performed in Wild West variety shows. ” In September 1906, Oakley’s case against Daniel Toomey, owner of the Dunkirk Herald, was heard at the Chautauqua County Courthouse in Mayville. 20 Influential Hispanic. Oakley's talents and showmanship made her one of the show's most popular attractions. Dickson. : Annie Oakley Memorial Plaza. The film is based on the life of Annie Oakley . L. The Annie Oakley Center at Garst Museum. Annie Oakley (born Phoebe Ann Mosey; August 13, 1860 – November 3, 1926) was an American sharpshooter and exhibition shooter. She was one of the superstars of the era and an all-time musical great. 2. April 30, 2010 | Kings Bay, GA. Text was copied from Home page at Public Domain Super Heroes wiki, which is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3. "-Annie Oakley. Phoebe Ann Moses was born in Greenville, Ohio. A microwave and a small refrigerator are included in every guest room at Annie Oakley Motel Oakley. Mayme Hatcher was the wife of Harlem Kingpin, Bumpy Johnson. The Return of Annie Oakley by Paul C. De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure. Billy Rose Theatre Collection photograph file. Annie Oakley. Annie Oakley. august 1860 nær Willowdell (daværende Woodland), Darke County, Ohio, død 3. “Oakley” was her stage name. Childhood. Hunter Biden. Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Ann Moses in 1860 in rural Darke County, Ohio. A modern-day historian finds herself enmeshed with the life of Annie Oakley, in an dual-timeline novel exploring the concept of revenge and changing one's past/path. The production team would like to acknowledge the following books: Annie Oakley by Shirl Kasper -- The Life and Legacy of Annie Oakley by Glenda Riley -- and Buffalo Bill's Wild West by R. She was born Phoebe Anne Moses on August 13, 1860, in Darke County, Ohio. mp4 download 82. Web. Butler, Annie Oakley. 53 metres tall. 27 Annie Oakley Facts That Prove She Was The Wild West’s Biggest Badass. "You are a very, very clever little girl. Coming to America. Annie Oakley (born born Phoebe Ann Mosey) was an American professional sharpshooter from Ohio. She starred for several years in Buffalo Bill's Wild. . What gun did Annie Oakley carry? Annie Oakley had many guns. Central City, Colorado Contributor Names Highsmith, Carol M. Wills, this is how she became such a role model to girls everywhere. By the time of her death in 1926, Americans were celebrating the liberated, urban-focused, modern times of the Jazz Age. When Annie was five, her father died, and Annie's mother, Susan Wise Moses, worked long and hard at nursing to support her six children. Wednesday-Saturday, 2 p. The person who would become known to history as the best markswoman of the Wild West Show was born as Phoebe Ann Moses (sometimes Mosey) on August 13, 1860, in Darke County, Ohio. Annie arguably stands as the first woman to make a career as a professional action heroine. Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Ann Mosey (or Phoebe Ann Moses) on Aug. As depicted in the film, Annie Oakley, born Phoebe Anne Oakley Moses in 1860, was a markswoman who first toured circus and vaudeville circuits, and from 1885 to 1902 was a star attraction in Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show. Annie Oakley. Born Phoebe Ann Moses in Darke County, Ohio, on August 13, 1860, Annie Oakley was not exactly a product of the Wild West. the daughter of Jake and Suzanne Moses. Address: Greenville-St. Alvin Show Cartoon Collection. Annie Oakley lied about her age. By persistent priactice she became an expert shot and spent. Wikimedia Commons Annie Oakley is a famous markswoman known for her sharpshooting. To this day, Annie Oakley remains a household name. Annie Oakley, whose real name was Phoebe Ann Mosey, was born on August 13, 1860, in Darke County, Ohio. He died of pneumonia in 1866. Harlem Renaissance Timeline. Sunday. The sharpshooter known as Annie Oakley was actually born Phoebe Ann Mosey on August 13, 1860 in a rural Ohio cabin. Harlem Renaissance author Zora Neale Hurston (her claim to fame is the classic Their Eyes Were Watching God). Annie Oakley turned her marksmanship skills into worldwide fame. Like. She was born on August 13, 1860. At age six she was sent to the Darke County Infirmary. She was born on August 13, 1860, in a log cabin in Darke County, Ohio. To the family of Mrs. Name variations: Annie Oakley (stage name from 1882); Annie Butler in private life after her marriage. Annie Oakley was born Annie Moses on Aug. Dates / Origin Date Created: 1850 - 2020 Library locations Billy Rose Theatre Division Topics Oakley, Annie,. 4. Annie was invited to Cincinnati to compete in a shooting match against Frank E. com Availability; Hardcover:Ghost (Lev Gleason) Jill Trent, Science Sleuth. However, there are a few characters whose real-life exploits are miles beyond what could be imagined in fiction. She was named Phoebe Ann, but soon was called Annie by her sisters. His classic movies include the screwball comedy Woman of the Year (1942), the action-adventure Gunga Din (1939), and the dramas A. オークリーはオハイオ州西部の貧困に苦しむ. Her life spanned a time of dramatic cultural change in the United States, and some of the most important years of the women's movement. Add to Favorites Annie Oakley photograph print poster vintage western wall decor gun owner gift art girl woman shooter wild west badass sharpshooter. Annie Oakley was born Phoebe Ann Moses in 1860 in rural Darke County, Ohio. Nevertheless, she was a shoplifting heroin. At age 10, she was sent to. She was later sent to. At age 10, she was sent to. Bumpy Johnson and Margaret Johnson are the true daughters of Elise Johnson and Mayme Johnson. Annie Oakley (Phoebe Ann Mozee, sometimes spelled Mosee or Moses) was born to Quaker parents in Ohio. “The accident occurred while Pickett was working with horses, Ranch employees stated Wednesday afternoon. 19.